本研究以4,4′,4″-(1,3,5-三嗪-2,4,6-三基)三苯胺（Tta）和3,3′-二羥基-[1,1′-聯(lián)苯]-4,4′-二甲醛（DHBTA）為原料，合成了一種基于多孔有機(jī)聚合物（POP）的熒光傳感器（Tta-DHBTA），用于檢測(cè)硝基呋喃（NFs）。該傳感器通過(guò)靜態(tài)猝滅機(jī)制工作，在465 nm激發(fā)光下于575 nm處呈現(xiàn)熒光發(fā)射峰，隨著NF濃度（0.5–50 mg/L）的增加，熒光強(qiáng)度成比例下降，檢測(cè)限（LOD）為0.302–0.524 mg/L。為實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)測(cè)，該傳感器與智能手機(jī)應(yīng)用程序集成。利用DarkBoxUVAnalyzer將熒光變化轉(zhuǎn)換為可量化信號(hào)，進(jìn)一步提高了便攜性和現(xiàn)場(chǎng)適用性，檢測(cè)限達(dá)到0.278–1.494 mg/L。在實(shí)際樣品中的加標(biāo)回收實(shí)驗(yàn)證實(shí)了Tta-DHBTA熒光法和智能手機(jī)輔助方法的可靠性。該平臺(tái)為快速、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)和食品安全篩查提供了一種有前景的策略。

相關(guān)成果以 “ A smartphone-combined fluorescence sensor based on porous organic polymers for determination of nitrofurans in aquaculture system” 為題發(fā)表在《Food Chem.》。

研究圖文/Introduction

Fig. 1. Schematic illustration of the preparation process of the ratiometric fluorescent sensor.

Fig. 2. (A) SEM image of Tta-DHBTA. (B) TEM image of Tta-DHBTA. (C) TGA curve of Tta-DHBTA. (D) FT-IR spectra of Tta-DHBTA. (E) XPS survey spectra of Tta-DHBTA.

Fig. 3. Fluorescence response of Tta-DHBTA under different conditions: (A) Effect of Tta-DHBTA concentrations, (B) Effect of reaction time on the fluorescence response to NFs.

Fig. 4. (A–E) Fluorescence response curves of Tta-DHBTA at varying concentrations of NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD. (F–J) Fluorescence response of Tta-DHBTA under UV light after reaction with different concentrations of NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD. (K–O) Relationship between concentration and sensor output: nonlinear relationships between F0/F and concentrations of NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD, and linear relationships between 3500B/RG and concentrations of NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD. (P–T) Linear relationships between F0/F and concentrations of NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD.

Fig. 5. (A) Chemical structures of NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, FTD, ERY, SMZ, CAP, AMX, KDM and STZ. (B) Effects of NFs and common antibiotics on the fluorescence intensity ratio (F0/F) of Tta-DHBTA. (C) Fluorescence stability of Tta-DHBTA under continuous UV light exposure for 120 min. (D) Fluorescence stability of TtaDHBTA after 60 d of dark storage.

Fig. 6. (A–E) Fluorescence response of Tta-DHBTA to NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD in the presence of high concentrations of selected antibiotics. (F-J) Fluorescence response of Tta-DHBTA to NFT, FZD, NZF, NFS, and FTD after the addition of ions and amino acids. (ns represents no significant difference, *p ≤ 0.05 represents significant difference, **p ≤ 0.05 represents highly significant difference, and ***p ≤ 0.05 represents extremely significant difference).

Fig. 7. (A) UV–Vis spectra of Tta-DHBTA (a), Tta-DHBTA with NFT (b), NFT (c), fluorescence excitation spectrum of Tta-DHBTA (d), and fluorescence emission spectrum of Tta-DHBTA (e). (B) Fluorescence decay spectrum and fitting curve of Tta-DHBTA at 575 nm. (C) Fluorescence decay spectrum and fitting curve of TtaDHBTA with NFT at 575 nm.

結(jié)論 /Conclusion

本研究以DHBTA和Tta為原料，成功合成了一種基于多孔有機(jī)聚合物的熒光傳感器（Tta-DHBTA），用于檢測(cè)水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖相關(guān)樣品中的硝基呋喃（NFs）。Tta-DHBTA在465 nm激發(fā)光下于575 nm處呈現(xiàn)熒光發(fā)射峰，其熒光強(qiáng)度隨NFs濃度的增加而逐漸降低。該傳感器表現(xiàn)出優(yōu)異的分析性能，在0.5–50 mg/L和0.5–20 mg/L濃度范圍內(nèi)分別呈現(xiàn)指數(shù)和線性檢測(cè)關(guān)系。檢測(cè)限（LOD）為0.302–0.524 mg/L，而智能手機(jī)輔助的RGB分析獲得的檢測(cè)限為0.278–1.494 mg/L。加標(biāo)回收實(shí)驗(yàn)表明，Tta-DHBTA熒光法（回收率86.86%–114.12%）、基于RGB的定量方法（90.08%–109.34%）與標(biāo)準(zhǔn)高效液相色譜法（HPLC，88.33%–109.47%）之間具有良好的一致性，證實(shí)了該傳感平臺(tái)在實(shí)際樣品分析中的可靠性和適用性。將Tta-DHBTA與智能手機(jī)相結(jié)合，能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)對(duì)NFs的便攜、快速、經(jīng)濟(jì)高效的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)篩查，使其成為水產(chǎn)養(yǎng)殖系統(tǒng)中食品安全監(jiān)管和環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)的有前景的候選技術(shù)。

文獻(xiàn)直通車 /Literature information

A smartphone-combined fluorescence sensor based on porous organic polymers for determination of nitrofurans in aquaculture system
Dianwei Zhang , Kexin Li , Li Feng , Hongfei Li , Huilin Liu *

原文鏈接：https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodchem.2025.147691

（來(lái)源：網(wǎng)絡(luò)版權(quán)屬原作者 謹(jǐn)致謝意）